Hosea 4
The full text of Hosea 4 in the Trinity Bible Version — clear modern English, translated from the original Hebrew. Free to read.
1 Hear the word of the LORD, children of Israel,
for the LORD has a dispute with the inhabitants of the land:
There is no faithfulness, no loyal love,
and no knowledge of God in the land.
2 Swearing and lying, murder and stealing and adultery—
they break out, and bloodshed follows bloodshed.
3 Therefore the land mourns,
and all who dwell in it languish,
along with the beasts of the field
and the birds of the sky;
even the fish of the sea are gathered away.
4 Yet let no one contend,
and let no one bring charges—
for your people are like those
who contend with a priest.
5 You will stumble by day,
and the prophet also will stumble with you by night,
and I will destroy your mother.
6 My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge.
Because you have rejected knowledge,
I reject you from being my priest.
You forgot the instruction of your God,
so I will forget your children.
7 The more they multiplied, the more they sinned against me;
I will change their glory into shame.
8 They feed on the sin of my people;
they lift their appetite to their iniquity.
9 And it will be: like people, like priest.
I will bring account on him for his ways
and repay him for his deeds.
10 They will eat but not be satisfied;
they will be promiscuous but not increase,
for they have abandoned the LORD
to give themselves to promiscuity.
11 Promiscuity, wine, and new wine
take away the understanding.
12 My people inquire of their wood,
and their staff declares to them—
for a spirit of promiscuity has led them astray,
and they are promiscuous, departing from under their God.
13 On the tops of mountains they sacrifice,
and on the hills they burn incense—
under oak, poplar, and terebinth,
for their shade is pleasant.
Therefore your daughters are promiscuous
and your daughters-in-law commit adultery.
14 I will not punish your daughters when they are promiscuous,
nor your daughters-in-law when they commit adultery—
for the men themselves go aside with prostitutes
and sacrifice with cult prostitutes,
and a people without understanding will be ruined.
15 If you, Israel, are promiscuous,
let not Judah become guilty.
Do not come to Gilgal,
do not go up to Beth-aven,
and do not swear, "As the LORD lives!"
16 For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn cow.
Can the LORD now pasture them
like a lamb in a broad meadow?
17 Ephraim is joined to idols;
leave him alone.
18 Their drink is gone;
they are utterly promiscuous.
Her rulers dearly love shame.
19 A wind has wrapped her in its wings,
and they will be ashamed of their sacrifices.
Translation notes (18)
- Hosea 4:1a The Hebrew word rîb refers to a covenant lawsuit, indicating that the LORD brings formal charges against Israel.
- Hosea 4:1b The three covenant virtues—ʾĕmet, ḥesed, and daʿat ʾĕlōhîm—are absent.
- Hosea 4:2a This verse uses five Hebrew verbal forms called "infinitives absolute" in rapid succession, which are used for emphasis and echo several of the Ten Commandments.
- Hosea 4:4a The Hebrew in this verse is extremely difficult to translate. It could possibly mean 'my dispute is with you, O priest' or 'your people are like priest-challengers'.
- Hosea 4:5a The Hebrew phrase wədāmîtî ʾimmekā means 'I will silence/destroy your mother', where 'mother' refers to the nation (compare Hosea 2:2).
- Hosea 4:6a The Hebrew word haddaʿat means 'the knowledge', using the definite article to indicate a specific kind of knowledge: the covenantal knowledge of God.
- Hosea 4:6b The Hebrew phrase tôrat ʾĕlōhêkā means 'instruction/torah of your God'.
- Hosea 4:7a The written Hebrew text, known as the Ketiv, reads 'their glory'. This is one of the tiqqune sopherim, which are traditional scribal corrections, suggesting the original text may have read 'my glory'.
- Hosea 4:8a The Hebrew word ḥaṭṭāʾt can mean both 'sin' and 'sin offering'. The priests literally eat the offerings, and in doing so, they figuratively consume the people's sin.
- Hosea 4:10a Futility curses — effort without result (cf. Deut 28:38-42; Mic 6:14-15)
- Hosea 4:11a The Hebrew phrase yiqqaḥ-lēb literally means 'take the heart'. In Hebrew thought, the heart is considered the seat of understanding.
- Hosea 4:12a The Hebrew words ʿēṣô and maqlô, meaning 'his wood' and 'his rod,' refer to forms of divination, possibly wooden idols and divining rods.
- Hosea 4:14a The Hebrew word qədēšôt, meaning 'consecrated women,' refers to cult prostitutes associated with fertility worship.
- Hosea 4:15a Beth-aven, which means 'house of wickedness,' is a mocking name for Bethel, which means 'house of God.'
- Hosea 4:16a The Hebrew phrase kəpārāh sōrərāh describes a rebellious heifer refusing the yoke.
- Hosea 4:17a The Hebrew phrase ḥăbûr ʿăṣabbîm ʾeprāyim means 'Ephraim is bound or allied to idols.' The Hebrew hannaḥ-lô means 'let him be.'
- Hosea 4:18a This is an extremely difficult Hebrew phrase. The Hebrew sār sābəʾām possibly means 'their liquor is turned' or 'when their drinking ends.'
- Hosea 4:19a The Hebrew phrase ṣārar rûaḥ ʾôtāh bikənāpêhā means that a wind or spirit binds her in its wings, carrying her away to judgment.
About this translation
The Trinity Bible Version (TBV) is Trinity Bible's own modern English translation, worked directly from the original Hebrew and honest to the earliest manuscripts. It was completed in 2026 — the most modern English Bible translation — and is exclusive to Trinity Bible. Every chapter, including all of Hosea, is free to read here on the web.
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