Judges 13
The full text of Judges 13 in the Trinity Bible Version — clear modern English, translated from the original Hebrew. Free to read.
1 Again the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the LORD, so the LORD gave them into the hands of the Philistines for forty years.
2 A certain man of Zorah, named Manoah, from the clan of the Danites, had a wife who was childless, unable to give birth.
3 The angel of the LORD appeared to her and said, "You are barren and childless, but you are going to become pregnant and give birth to a son.
4 Now see to it that you drink no wine or other fermented drink and that you do not eat anything unclean,
5 because you will become pregnant and give birth to a son. No razor may be used on his head, because the boy is to be a Nazirite, dedicated to God from the womb. He will take the lead in delivering Israel from the hands of the Philistines."
6 Then the woman went to her husband and told him, "A man of God came to me. He looked like an angel of God, very awesome. I didn't ask him where he came from, and he didn't tell me his name.
7 But he said to me, 'You will become pregnant and have a son. Now then, drink no wine or other fermented drink and do not eat anything unclean, because the boy will be a Nazirite of God from the womb until the day of his death.'"
8 Then Manoah prayed to the LORD: "Pardon your servant, Lord. I beg you to let the man of God you sent to us come again to teach us how to bring up the boy who is to be born."
9 God heard Manoah, and the angel of God came again to the woman while she was out in the field; but her husband Manoah was not with her.
10 The woman hurried to tell her husband, "He's here! The man who appeared to me the other day!"
11 Manoah got up and followed his wife. When he came to the man, he said, "Are you the man who talked to my wife?" "I am," he said.
12 So Manoah asked him, "When your words are fulfilled, what is to be the rule that governs the boy's life and work?"
13 The angel of the LORD answered, "Your wife must do all that I have told her.
14 She must not eat anything that comes from the grapevine, nor drink any wine or other fermented drink nor eat anything unclean. She must do everything I have commanded her."
15 Manoah said to the angel of the LORD, "We would like you to stay until we prepare a young goat for you."
16 The angel of the LORD replied, "Even though you detain me, I will not eat any of your food. But if you prepare a burnt offering, offer it to the LORD." (Manoah did not realize that it was the angel of the LORD.)
17 Then Manoah inquired of the angel of the LORD, "What is your name, so that we may honor you when your word comes true?"
18 The angel of the LORD replied, "Why do you ask my name? It is beyond understanding."
19 Then Manoah took a young goat, together with the grain offering, and offered it on a rock to the LORD. And the LORD did a wonderful thing while Manoah and his wife watched:
20 As the flame blazed up from the altar toward heaven, the angel of the LORD ascended in the flame. Seeing this, Manoah and his wife fell with their faces to the ground.
21 When the angel of the LORD did not show himself again to Manoah and his wife, Manoah realized that it was the angel of the LORD.
22 "We are doomed to die!" he said to his wife. "We have seen God!"
23 But his wife answered, "If the LORD had meant to kill us, he would not have accepted a burnt offering and grain offering from our hands, nor shown us all these things or now told us this."
24 The woman gave birth to a boy and named him Samson. He grew, and the LORD blessed him,
25 and the Spirit of the LORD began to stir him while he was in Mahaneh Dan, between Zorah and Eshtaol.
Translation notes (7)
- Judges 13:1a 'Did evil in the eyes of the LORD' opens the final and longest cycle (compare 2:11; 3:7, 12; 4:1; 6:1; 10:6). Notably, there is no record here that Israel cried out for help.
- Judges 13:3a 'The angel of the LORD' (mal'akh YHWH); as elsewhere in Judges (2:1; 6:11), this figure speaks and is later perceived as a divine encounter (verses 22-23). The relationship between the messenger and the sender is left open.
- Judges 13:5a 'Nazirite' (nazir) means one set apart by vow to God; uncut hair is the sign of this vow (compare Numbers 6). 'Take the lead in delivering' translates 'he will begin to save,' meaning Samson starts but does not complete Israel's deliverance, a deliberate qualification that the rest of the story confirms.
- Judges 13:18a The phrase "Beyond understanding" translates the Hebrew word peli'i, which comes from the same root as "wonderful" (see Isaiah 9:6); it means the name is hidden, wonderful, and too mysterious to grasp. The note preserves the exact sense as given in the Hebrew text.
- Judges 13:19a This clause is difficult to translate; "the LORD did a wonderful thing" follows one reading, echoing the word peli'i in verse 18. Some manuscripts and ancient versions read, "and he did wondrously, while Manoah and his wife looked on." The note does not decide which reading is correct.
- Judges 13:24a The name "Samson" (Shimshon) resembles the Hebrew word for "sun" (shemesh); Zorah was located near Beth Shemesh, which means "house of the sun."
- Judges 13:25a 'Mahaneh Dan' means 'the camp of Dan.' The phrase 'began to stir him' translates a Hebrew verb (le-fa'amo) suggesting the Spirit driving or impelling Samson intermittently, indicating that the Spirit's working in him was episodic, not settled.
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