Judges 4
The full text of Judges 4 in the Trinity Bible Version — clear modern English, translated from the original Hebrew. Free to read.
1 After Ehud died, the Israelites again did evil in the eyes of the LORD.
2 So the LORD sold them into the hands of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth Haggoyim.
3 Because he had nine hundred chariots fitted with iron and had cruelly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years, they cried out to the LORD for help.
4 Now Deborah, a prophet, the wife of Lappidoth, was leading Israel at that time.
5 She held court under the Palm of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites went up to her to have their disputes decided.
6 She sent for Barak son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali and said to him, "The LORD, the God of Israel, commands you: 'Go, take with you ten thousand men of Naphtali and Zebulun and lead them up to Mount Tabor.
7 I will lure Sisera, the commander of Jabin's army, with his chariots and his troops to the Kishon River and give him into your hands.'"
8 Barak said to her, "If you go with me, I will go; but if you do not go with me, I will not go."
9 "Certainly I will go with you," she said. "But because of the way you are going about this, the honor will not be yours, for the LORD will deliver Sisera into the hands of a woman." So Deborah went with Barak to Kedesh,
10 where he summoned Zebulun and Naphtali. Ten thousand men went up under his command, and Deborah also went up with him.
11 Now Heber the Kenite had separated from the other Kenites, the descendants of Hobab, Moses' father-in-law, and had pitched his tent by the great tree in Zaanannim near Kedesh.
12 When they told Sisera that Barak son of Abinoam had gone up to Mount Tabor,
13 Sisera summoned all his chariots—nine hundred fitted with iron—and all his troops, from Harosheth Haggoyim to the Kishon River.
14 Then Deborah said to Barak, "Go! This is the day the LORD has given Sisera into your hands. Has not the LORD gone ahead of you?" So Barak went down Mount Tabor, with ten thousand men following him.
15 At Barak's advance, the LORD threw Sisera and all his chariots and army into a panic by the sword, and Sisera got down from his chariot and fled on foot.
16 Barak pursued the chariots and army as far as Harosheth Haggoyim, and all Sisera's troops fell by the sword; not a man was left.
17 Sisera, however, fled on foot to the tent of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, because there were friendly relations between Jabin king of Hazor and the family of Heber the Kenite.
18 Jael went out to meet Sisera and said to him, "Come, my lord, come right in. Don't be afraid." So he entered her tent, and she covered him with a rug.
19 "I'm thirsty," he said. "Please give me some water." She opened a skin of milk, gave him a drink, and covered him up.
20 "Stand in the doorway of the tent," he told her. "If someone comes by and asks you, 'Is anyone in there?' say 'No.'"
21 But Jael, Heber's wife, took a tent peg and a hammer in her hand and went quietly to him while he lay fast asleep, exhausted. She drove the peg through his temple into the ground, and he died.
22 Just then Barak came by in pursuit of Sisera, and Jael went out to meet him. "Come," she said, "I will show you the man you're looking for." So he went in with her, and there lay Sisera with the tent peg through his temple—dead.
23 On that day God subdued Jabin king of Canaan before the Israelites.
24 The hand of Israel grew stronger and stronger against Jabin king of Canaan, until they destroyed him.
Translation notes (5)
- Judges 4:1a The phrase "Did evil in the eyes of the LORD" again opens a new cycle of events (compare Judges 2:11; 3:7, 12).
- Judges 4:4a "A prophet" translates the Hebrew feminine noun nevi'ah, meaning "a woman who prophesies." The phrase "the wife of Lappidoth" can also be read as "a woman of fire/torches" (from the Hebrew eshet lappidoth), since lappidoth means "torches"; the text leaves both interpretations open.
- Judges 4:9a "The honor will not be yours" translates a phrase that literally means "the glory will not be on the road you are taking." The woman foreshadowed here is Jael (Judges 4:21), although Deborah herself is also a woman who takes action. The text leaves the specific reference open until it is fulfilled.
- Judges 4:11a The Hebrew word choten, translated "father-in-law," is also sometimes rendered "brother-in-law." The exact in-law relationship of Hobab to Moses is described differently in various passages and is not specified here.
- Judges 4:21a The Hebrew word raqqah, translated "temple," refers to the side of the head; some interpreters understand it as the mouth. The killing of a sleeping guest who had been promised safety is reported plainly here. The ethics of this act, and the narrative's treatment of Jael (compare her praise in Judges 5:24), are not commented on in this text.
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