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LUKE · Trinity Bible Version

Luke 23

The full text of Luke 23 in the Trinity Bible Version — clear modern English, translated from the original Greek. Free to read.


All of Luke KJV

1 Then the whole assembly rose and led him to Pilate.

2 And they began to accuse him, saying, "We found this man misleading our nation, opposing the payment of taxes to Caesar, and claiming to be the Messiah, a king."

3 Pilate asked him, "Are you the king of the Jews?" He answered him, "You say so."

4 Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, "I find no grounds for a charge against this man."

5 But they kept insisting, saying, "He stirs up the people, teaching throughout all Judea, from Galilee where he started even to here."

6 When Pilate heard this, he asked whether the man was a Galilean.

7 And when he learned that he was under Herod's jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was himself also in Jerusalem at that time.

8 When Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had been wanting to see him for a long time because he had heard about him and was hoping to see him perform some sign.

9 He questioned him at length, but Jesus gave him no answer.

10 The chief priests and the scribes stood there, vehemently accusing him.

11 Then Herod, together with his soldiers, treated him with contempt and mocked him. Dressing him in an elegant robe, he sent him back to Pilate.

12 That very day Herod and Pilate became friends with each other — previously they had been enemies.

13 Pilate then called together the chief priests, the rulers, and the people,

14 and said to them, "You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people. And look, I have examined him in your presence and have found no grounds in this man for the charges you are bringing against him.

15 Neither has Herod, for he sent him back to us. Look, he has done nothing deserving death.

16 Therefore I will have him flogged and release him."

18 But they all cried out together, "Away with this man! Release Barabbas to us!"

19 (Barabbas had been thrown into prison for an insurrection that had taken place in the city, and for murder.)

20 Pilate addressed them again, wanting to release Jesus.

21 But they kept shouting, "Crucify! Crucify him!"

22 A third time he said to them, "Why? What crime has he committed? I have found in him no grounds for a death sentence. Therefore I will have him flogged and release him."

23 But they were insistent, demanding with loud voices that he be crucified. And their voices prevailed.

24 So Pilate decided to grant their demand.

25 He released the man who had been thrown into prison for insurrection and murder — the one they were asking for — and he handed Jesus over to their will.

26 As they led him away, they seized Simon from Cyrene, who was coming in from the country, and put the cross on him to carry it behind Jesus.

27 A large number of people followed him, including women who were mourning and wailing for him.

28 Jesus turned to them and said, "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me. Weep instead for yourselves and for your children.

29 For look, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren women, the wombs that never bore, and the breasts that never nursed!'

30 Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us!' and to the hills, 'Cover us!'

31 For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"

32 Two others, who were criminals, were also led away to be executed with him.

33 When they came to the place called The Skull, they crucified him there, along with the criminals — one on his right and one on his left.

34 Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing." And they divided up his clothes by casting lots.

35 The people stood watching, and the rulers sneered at him, saying, "He saved others; let him save himself if he is the Messiah of God, the Chosen One."

36 The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine,

37 and saying, "If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself!"

38 There was also an inscription over him: THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.

39 One of the criminals hanging there hurled insults at him, saying, "Aren't you the Messiah? Save yourself and us!"

40 But the other rebuked him, saying, "Don't you fear God, since you are under the same sentence?

41 We are punished justly, for we are getting what our deeds deserve. But this man has done nothing wrong."

42 Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom."

43 He said to him, "Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in paradise."

44 It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour,

45 because the sun's light failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn in two.

46 Then Jesus cried out with a loud voice, "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!" And having said this, he breathed his last.

47 When the centurion saw what had happened, he glorified God, saying, "Certainly this was a righteous man."

48 And all the crowds that had gathered for this spectacle, when they saw what had taken place, returned home beating their chests.

49 But all his acquaintances, including the women who had followed him from Galilee, stood at a distance watching these things.

50 Now there was a man named Joseph, a member of the council, a good and righteous man.

51 (He had not consented to their decision and action.) He was from Arimathea, a town of the Jews, and he was waiting for the kingdom of God.

52 He went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.

53 Then he took it down, wrapped it in a linen cloth, and placed it in a tomb cut in rock, where no one had ever yet been laid.

54 It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin.

55 The women who had come with him from Galilee followed along and saw the tomb and how his body was placed in it.

56 Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments. And on the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

Translation notes (31)
  1. Luke 23:2a Jesus faced three charges: (1) perverting the nation, (2) forbidding tribute to Caesar (compare Luke 20:25, where Jesus did not do this), and (3) claiming kingship. The second charge is demonstrably false.
  2. Luke 23:3a The Greek phrase sy legeis means 'you say (it).' This is the same indirect affirmation found in Luke 22:70, which is neither a direct yes nor a no, but places the assertion back on the questioner.
  3. Luke 23:4a This is the first of three declarations of Jesus' innocence by Pilate (Luke 23:4, 14, 22), showing Luke's emphasis on Jesus' legal innocence.
  4. Luke 23:7a Herod Antipas was the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea from 4 BC to 39 AD. He was in Jerusalem for Passover.
  5. Luke 23:9a Jesus' silence before Herod echoes the Suffering Servant: 'like a sheep before its shearers is silent' (Isa 53:7)
  6. Luke 23:11a The Greek phrase esthēta lampran means 'a bright/splendid garment,' likely white or shining. This garment was used to mock Jesus' royal or divine claims.
  7. Luke 23:12a Only Luke records this reconciliation between Pilate and Herod. The irony is that their new friendship was cemented by their mutual involvement in Jesus' condemnation.
  8. Luke 23:15a Some early manuscripts read 'I sent you to him' instead of 'he sent him back to us.' This textual variant affects who went where.
  9. Luke 23:16a The Greek word paideusas means 'having disciplined' or 'chastised.' This refers to a lesser, correctional beating, not the severe flogging that preceded crucifixion.
  10. Luke 23:19a The Greek word stasin means 'insurrection' or 'revolt.' This refers to a political uprising, making Barabbas exactly the kind of revolutionary Jesus was falsely accused of being.
  11. Luke 23:25a The Greek phrase paredōken...tō thelēmati autōn means 'handed over to their will.' Luke avoids saying that Pilate 'sentenced' Jesus, carefully distributing the language of responsibility.
  12. Luke 23:26a The Greek phrase pherein opisthen tou Iēsou means 'to carry behind Jesus.' This echoes Jesus' language about discipleship: 'take up his cross...and follow me' (Luke 9:23, 14:27).
  13. Luke 23:29a This verse describes a horrifying reversal of Jewish values, where children are considered a blessing (compare Luke 1:25, 11:27). Only in extreme catastrophe would childlessness be preferable.
  14. Luke 23:30a Quotes Hos 10:8. The desire for death rather than facing what comes — echoed in Rev 6:16.
  15. Luke 23:31a This is a proverbial saying: if the Romans treat the innocent, represented by green or living wood, in this way, how much worse will it be for the guilty, represented by dry or dead wood, which refers to rebellious Jerusalem?
  16. Luke 23:32a The Greek word kakourgoi means 'evildoers' or 'criminals.' Luke uses this term, not lēstai (bandits or insurrectionists) as in Mark, which carries a different connotation.
  17. Luke 23:33a The Greek word Kranion means 'skull' and translates the Aramaic word Golgotha. The name of the site may derive from a skull-shaped rock formation.
  18. Luke 23:34a The first sentence of this verse is absent from early manuscripts such as P75, Aleph*, B, D*, W, Theta, some Sahidic, and other witnesses. However, it is present in Aleph-2, A, C, D-2, L, family-1, and the majority text. The critical Greek text retains it in double brackets. It was possibly omitted by scribes who found the prayer incompatible with the judgment on Jerusalem, or it may have been added early from oral tradition.
  19. Luke 23:35a Gk. ho eklektos, the Chosen One — echoes the transfiguration voice (9:35 in some MSS) and Isa 42:1 Servant language.
  20. Luke 23:36a Gk. oxos, sour wine/vinegar — cheap soldier's drink (posca); the offering may be mockery or genuine refreshment. Echoes Ps 69:21.
  21. Luke 23:38a This refers to the titulus, or charge board, placed on the cross. Each Gospel has slightly different wording for this inscription, with Luke's being the shortest. It was meant as mockery but functions as a proclamation.
  22. Luke 23:42a This is a textual variant: some early manuscripts read 'in your kingdom' (Greek: en), while others read 'into your kingdom' (Greek: eis). The difference indicates either a present spiritual realm or a future arrival.
  23. Luke 23:43a The Greek word paradeisos means 'paradise,' derived from the Persian for 'walled garden.' In Jewish thought, it refers to the blessed abode of the righteous dead. The debate over comma placement (e.g., 'today I tell you, today you will be' versus 'today I tell you today, you will be') is a modern punctuation issue, as ancient Greek had no commas.
  24. Luke 23:44a The sixth hour refers to noon, and the ninth hour refers to 3 PM. The Greek phrase eph holēn tēn gēn means 'over the whole land' or 'earth,' which is ambiguous and could refer to the region or the entire world.
  25. Luke 23:45a The Greek phrase tou hēliou eklipontos describes the sun failing. Some early manuscripts read ekleipontos (failing or being eclipsed), while others read eskotisthē (was darkened). An actual solar eclipse is astronomically impossible during Passover, which occurs during a full moon. Luke may be describing a supernatural darkness.
  26. Luke 23:46a Quotes Ps 31:5 (LXX 30:6). Luke replaces Mark's cry of dereliction (Ps 22:1) with this prayer of trust — a deliberate theological choice showing Jesus dying in peaceful surrender.
  27. Luke 23:47a The Greek word dikaios means 'righteous' or 'innocent.' Luke uses 'righteous' here, where Mark has 'Son of God.' Both may be authentic traditions, or Luke may be interpreting Mark's 'Son of God' as a declaration of innocence.
  28. Luke 23:51a The Greek phrase ouk ēn synkatatetheimenos tē boulē means “had not consented to the plan,” indicating a refusal that happened before the main action. This may imply he was absent or voted against it.
  29. Luke 23:53a The Greek phrase mnēmati laxeutō refers to an expensive rock-cut tomb. The phrase hou ouk ēn oudeis oupō keimenos means “where no one had ever yet been placed,” indicating the tomb was new and ritually pure.
  30. Luke 23:54a The Greek phrase sabbaton epephōsken means “the Sabbath was dawning/lighting up.” This is unusual because the Sabbath traditionally begins at sunset, so it may refer to the lighting of Sabbath lamps at dusk.
  31. Luke 23:56a The women observe Torah even in grief — preparing spices before Sabbath, then resting. The commandment reference = Exod 20:10/Deut 5:14.

About this translation

The Trinity Bible Version (TBV) is a new translation of the Bible prepared by Trinity Bible AI — rendered from the original Greek and faithful to the earliest and most reliable manuscripts. Finished in 2026, it is the most modern English Bible translation you can read today, and it is available only through Trinity Bible. All 66 books, including Luke, are free to read on this site.