Nehemiah 12
The full text of Nehemiah 12 in the Trinity Bible Version — clear modern English, translated from the original Hebrew. Free to read.
1 These are the priests and Levites who came up with Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and Jeshua: Seraiah, Jeremiah, Ezra,
2 Amariah, Malluk, Hattush,
3 Shecaniah, Rehum, Meremoth,
4 Iddo, Ginnethoi, Abijah,
5 Mijamin, Maadiah, Bilgah,
6 Shemaiah, Joiarib, Jedaiah,
7 Sallu, Amok, Hilkiah, and Jedaiah. These were the heads of the priests and their brothers in the days of Jeshua.
8 The Levites: Jeshua, Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, and Mattaniah, who was in charge of the thanksgiving songs, he and his brothers.
9 Bakbukiah and Unni, their brothers, stood opposite them in their duties.
10 Jeshua fathered Joiakim, Joiakim fathered Eliashib, Eliashib fathered Joiada,
11 Joiada fathered Jonathan, and Jonathan fathered Jaddua.
12 In the days of Joiakim, the heads of the priestly families were: of Seraiah, Meraiah; of Jeremiah, Hananiah;
13 of Ezra, Meshullam; of Amariah, Jehohanan;
14 of Malkijah, Jonathan; of Shebaniah, Joseph;
15 of Harim, Adna; of Meraioth, Helkai;
16 of Iddo, Zechariah; of Ginnethon, Meshullam;
17 of Abijah, Zikri; of Miniamin, of Moadiah, Piltai;
18 of Bilgah, Shammua; of Shemaiah, Jehonathan;
19 of Joiarib, Mattenai; of Jedaiah, Uzzi;
20 of Sallai, Kallai; of Amok, Eber;
21 of Hilkiah, Hashabiah; of Jedaiah, Nethanel.
22 The Levites in the days of Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua were recorded as heads of families, as were the priests during the reign of Darius the Persian.
23 The descendants of Levi, the heads of families, were recorded in the Book of the Chronicles up to the days of Johanan son of Eliashib.
24 The heads of the Levites were Hashabiah, Sherebiah, and Jeshua son of Kadmiel, with their brothers standing opposite them to give praise and thanksgiving, one section responding to the other, as David the man of God had commanded.
25 Mattaniah, Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, and Akkub were gatekeepers standing guard at the storerooms of the gates.
26 These served in the days of Joiakim son of Jeshua, son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor and of Ezra the priest and scribe.
27 At the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem, they sought out the Levites from all their places to bring them to Jerusalem to celebrate the dedication with gladness, with thanksgiving and singing, with cymbals, harps, and lyres.
28 The sons of the singers gathered together from the district around Jerusalem, from the villages of the Netophathites,
29 from Beth-Gilgal, and from the fields of Geba and Azmaveth, for the singers had built settlements for themselves around Jerusalem.
30 The priests and the Levites purified themselves, and then they purified the people, the gates, and the wall.
31 Then I brought the leaders of Judah up on top of the wall and appointed two large choirs to give thanks. One went to the right on top of the wall toward the Dung Gate.
32 Behind them went Hoshaiah and half the leaders of Judah,
33 along with Azariah, Ezra, Meshullam,
34 Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, and Jeremiah,
35 and some of the priests' sons with trumpets: Zechariah son of Jonathan, son of Shemaiah, son of Mattaniah, son of Micaiah, son of Zakkur, son of Asaph,
36 and his brothers Shemaiah, Azarel, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Nethanel, Judah, and Hanani, with the musical instruments of David the man of God. Ezra the scribe went before them.
37 At the Fountain Gate they went straight up the steps of the City of David on the ascent of the wall, above the house of David, to the Water Gate on the east.
38 The second choir went to the left. I followed with half the people on top of the wall, past the Tower of the Ovens to the Broad Wall,
39 above the Gate of Ephraim, past the Old Gate, the Fish Gate, the Tower of Hananel, and the Tower of the Hundred, to the Sheep Gate. They stopped at the Gate of the Guard.
40 So the two choirs that gave thanks took their stand in the house of God, as did I and half the officials with me,
41 and the priests Eliakim, Maaseiah, Miniamin, Micaiah, Elioenai, Zechariah, and Hananiah, with trumpets,
42 and Maaseiah, Shemaiah, Eleazar, Uzzi, Jehohanan, Malkijah, Elam, and Ezer. The singers sang, with Jezrahiah as their director.
43 On that day they offered great sacrifices and rejoiced, for God had made them rejoice with great joy. The women and children also rejoiced, and the joy of Jerusalem was heard from far away.
44 On that day men were appointed over the storerooms for the contributions, the firstfruits, and the tithes, to gather into them the portions required by the Law for the priests and Levites according to the fields of the cities. For Judah rejoiced over the priests and Levites who served.
45 They performed the service of their God and the service of purification, as did the singers and the gatekeepers, according to the command of David and his son Solomon.
46 For in the days of David and Asaph long ago, there were directors of the singers and songs of praise and thanksgiving to God.
47 In the days of Zerubbabel and in the days of Nehemiah, all Israel contributed the daily portions for the singers and the gatekeepers. They set apart what was for the Levites, and the Levites set apart what was for the descendants of Aaron.
Translation notes (10)
- Nehemiah 12:11a Jaddua is the latest datable figure named in the Hebrew Bible; Josephus places a high priest of this name in the era of Alexander the Great, near 330 BCE. The genealogy thus spans the high priesthood from Jeshua, who returned from exile about 538 BCE, and indicates that this list received its final form well into the Persian period. Verse 22 gives the corresponding name as Johanan rather than Jonathan.
- Nehemiah 12:22a The identity of Darius the Persian is disputed. If Jaddua is the high priest whom Josephus associates with Alexander the Great, the reference is to Darius III (336–331 BCE), which would make this among the latest notices in the Hebrew Bible; many scholars instead identify him as Darius II (423–404 BCE), placing the list closer to Nehemiah's own era.
- Nehemiah 12:23a The phrase translates sefer divrei hayyamim, literally 'the book of the words of the days', an official register of temple personnel rather than the canonical books of Chronicles. Johanan appears as high priest in the Elephantine papyri around 407 BC, making this one of the latest events noted in the Hebrew Bible.
- Nehemiah 12:24a The phrase rendered here as 'one section responding to the other' is mishmar le'ummat mishmar, literally 'watch corresponding to watch', describing antiphonal choirs. The appeal to David as 'the man of God' recalls his organization of Levitical singers in 1 Chronicles 25, grounding postexilic worship in royal precedent.
- Nehemiah 12:27a The word for 'dedication' is chanukkah (חֲנֻכָּה), the same term later attached to the festival commemorating the Maccabean rededication of the temple. The 'thanksgiving' here, todah, anticipates the two great thanksgiving choirs that process along the wall later in the chapter (verses 31 and 38).
- Nehemiah 12:31a The Dung Gate (Hebrew sha'ar ha'ashpot) stood at the southern end of the city, opening toward the Valley of Hinnom, where refuse was carried out (compare Nehemiah 2:13; 3:13-14). The two choirs thus set out in opposite directions along the wall, circling the city until they converged at the temple (Nehemiah 12:40). The word for choirs, todot, literally means 'thanksgivings'.
- Nehemiah 12:36a Hebrew kelei-shir Dawid, literally 'the instruments of song of David', refers to the lyres, harps and cymbals David appointed for temple worship (1 Chronicles 23:5; 2 Chronicles 29:25-26). The title 'man of God', usually reserved for prophets such as Moses and Elisha, is applied to David here and in 2 Chronicles 8:14, marking his musical ordinances as carrying prophetic authority.
- Nehemiah 12:39a The second procession traces the northern wall from west to east before meeting the first at the temple. Hebrew sha'ar hayshanah, 'the Old Gate', is grammatically difficult, since the feminine hayshanah does not agree with the masculine noun for gate; some therefore read it as a proper name, the Gate of Jeshanah, after a town north of Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 13:19).
- Nehemiah 12:45a Hebrew mishmeret (מִשְׁמֶרֶת), 'charge' or 'duty', denotes an assigned watch or obligation rather than a single act of service. The appeal to David and Solomon reflects the tradition that David organized the priestly, Levitical and musical divisions (1 Chronicles 23–26) and that Solomon instituted them in the temple (2 Chronicles 8:14), giving the restored worship an authoritative precedent.
- Nehemiah 12:46a Asaph was the Levitical musician whom David appointed over the ministry of song when the ark was brought to Jerusalem (1 Chronicles 16:4-7; 25:1-2), and twelve psalms bear his name (Psalms 50, 73-83). The verse thus traces the restored community's musical worship back to its Davidic founding, presenting the second temple's practice as continuous with the first.
About this translation
The Trinity Bible Version (TBV) is Trinity Bible's own modern English translation, worked directly from the original Hebrew and honest to the earliest manuscripts. It was completed in 2026 — the most modern English Bible translation — and is exclusive to Trinity Bible. Every chapter, including all of Nehemiah, is free to read here on the web.
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